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ICT Integration
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ICT is technology that supports activities involving
information. Such activities include gathering, processing, storing and
presenting data. Increasingly these activities also involve collaboration and communication.
Hence IT has become ICT: information and communication technology.
Some underlying principles
Technology does not exist in isolation
- ICT contributes at various points along a line of activity
- ICT is used in activities – the ICT use depends on the activities
- The key outputs of educational activities are context are knowledge, experience and products
- The output should be useful to the users (self and others)
Notions of ICT
Using ICT involves matching ICT to one’s purposes and this requires a rationale
for its use, which in turn requires a concept of ICT.
What is a useful concept of ICT?
It depends on the local culture and the particular ICT available and how it
is configured and managed. The understanding, management and configuration of
the available technology might vary the concept of ICT from
- a collection of tools and devices used for particular tasks, eg, publishing,
course delivery, transaction processing...
- an organised set of equipment (like a 'workshop') for working on
information and communication
- components of integrated arrangements of devices, tools, services and
practices that enable information to be collected, processed, stored and
shared with others
- components in a comprehensive system of people, information and devices
that enables learning, problem solving and higher order collaborative
thinking, that is, ICT as key elements underpinning a (sharable) workspace.
Creativity or Productivity?
Stephen Heppell of Ultralab
proposes a set of dimensions for considering these two orientations.
| Creativity |
Productivity |
| quality assurance |
quality control |
| learning tools |
teaching machines |
| standards |
standardisation |
| participative (people) |
interactive (ICT) |
| creative |
predictable |
| building community |
delivering content |
Stephen also reports that using ICT to support creativity is commonly found
in small, democratic, high value economies focused on smartening up. Conversely
economies that are large and low value (focused on minimising costs including
labour costs) tend to be focused on using ICT to support productivity (at least
in the short term).
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